MammalBase - Accepted taxon: Cervus elaphus canadensis

Accepted taxon: Cervus elaphus canadensis
Taxon:	Cervus elaphus canadensis
Rank:	Subspecies
Higher Classification:	ARTIODACTYLA \| Cervidae \| Cervinae \| Cervus \| elaphus \| canadensis
Reference:	Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), JHU Press, 2005.

Fig.1 - Ternary plot of the proximate analysis for the Cervus elaphus canadensis diet.
CF (Crude Fibre) 30, ASH (Ash contents) 9, NFE (Nitrogen-Free-Extract) 48, CP (Crude Protein) 10, EE (Ether Extract) 3. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 1. List of Diet Items for Cervus elaphus canadensis.
TSN Complete name	Part	Ratio ^a.	Reference(s)
Poaceae	STEM	40.00	Reid,F., …
Magnoliopsida	SHOOT	30.00	Reid,F., …
Magnoliopsida	STEM	20.00	Reid,F., …
Magnoliopsida	BARK	10.00	Reid,F., …

^a. Standardized values. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 2. List of Standard Traits for Cervus elaphus canadensis.
Trait	Selected Value	All Value(s)	Reference(s)
Dietary category: Miljutin 2009	Herbivore	Herbivore	– A. Mysterud, 2000, 'The relationship between ecological segregation and sexual body size dimorphism in large herbivores', Oecologia, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 40-54, I. J. Gordon, A. W. Illius, 1988, 'Incisor Arcade Structure and Diet Selection in Ruminants', Functional Ecology, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 15, Loison,A., 1999, What factors shape sexual size dimorphism in ungulates?, Evolutionary Ecology Research, M. Mendoza, P. Palmqvist, 2008, 'Hypsodonty in ungulates: an adaptation for grass consumption or for foraging in open habitat?', Journal of Zoology, vol. 274, no. 2, pp. 134-142
Dietary category: Eisenberg 1981	Herbivore-Mixed feeder	Herbivore-Mixed feeder	– A. Mysterud, 2000, 'The relationship between ecological segregation and sexual body size dimorphism in large herbivores', Oecologia, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 40-54, I. J. Gordon, A. W. Illius, 1988, 'Incisor Arcade Structure and Diet Selection in Ruminants', Functional Ecology, vol. 2, no. 1, p. 15, Loison,A., 1999, What factors shape sexual size dimorphism in ungulates?, Evolutionary Ecology Research, M. Mendoza, P. Palmqvist, 2008, 'Hypsodonty in ungulates: an adaptation for grass consumption or for foraging in open habitat?', Journal of Zoology, vol. 274, no. 2, pp. 134-142

Table 3. List of Standard Measurements for Cervus elaphus canadensis.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	3	3	-	-	-	224,117.33	-	-	Engelman,…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	-	-	-	-	-	131,250	-	-	Lundgren,…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	3	3	-	-	-	224,117.33	-	-	Engelman,…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	3	3	-	-	-	224,117.33	-	-	Engelman,…

Table 4. List of other Measurements ^b. for Cervus elaphus canadensis.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
Length of the Masseteric Fossa	nan	cm	4	4	-	-	-	19	-	-	Quibod, M…
Muzzle Width	nan	cm	4	4	-	-	-	7	-	-	Quibod, M…
Total Length of the Skull	nan	cm	4	4	-	-	-	43	-	-	Quibod, M…

^b. other Measurements. Source Measurements which are not listed on or mapped with the Standard Traits..

Table 5. List of Data Sources for Cervus elaphus canadensis.
Taxon	Reference	Match	Status
Cervus canadensis	Mysterud,Atle, 2000, The Relationship between Ecological Segregation and Sexual Body Size Dimorphism in Large Herbivores, Oecologia	3: Genus, Species = Master genus, subspecies	Verified - Accepted
Cervus canadensis	Gordon,IJ, 1988, Incisor arcade structure and diet selection in ruminants, Functional Ecology	3: Genus, Species = Master genus, subspecies	Verified - Accepted
Cervus canadensis	Loison,A., 1999, What factors shape sexual size dimorphism in ungulates?, Evolutionary Ecology Research	3: Genus, Species = Master genus, subspecies	Verified - Accepted
Cervus canadensis	Mendoza,M., 2008, Hypsodonty in ungulates: an adaptation for grass consumption or for foraging in open habitat?, Journal of zoology	3: Genus, Species = Master genus, subspecies	Verified - Accepted
Cervus canadensis	Reid,F., 2006, Peterson field guide to mammals of North America,	3: Genus, Species = Master genus, subspecies	Verified - Accepted
Cervus canadensis	Herberstein, M.E., McLean, D.J., Lowe, E., Wolff, J.O., Khan, M.K., Smith, K., Allen, A.P., Bulbert, M., Buzatto, B.A., Eldridge, M.D. and Falster, D., 2022. AnimalTraits-a curated animal trait database for body mass, metabolic rate and brain size. Scientific Data, 9(1), p.265.	3: Genus, Species = Master genus, subspecies	Verified - Accepted
Cervus canadensis	Quibod, M.N.R.M., Gélin, U., van Langevelde, F. and Tomlinson, K.W., 2023. Diet-specific responses of skull traits to aridity gradients in bovids and cervids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, p.zlad068.	3: Genus, Species = Master genus, subspecies	Verified - Accepted
Cervus canadensis	Engelman, R.K., 2022. Occipital condyle width (OCW) is a highly accurate predictor of body mass in therian mammals. BMC biology, 20(1), p.37.	3: Genus, Species = Master genus, subspecies	Verified - Accepted
Cervus canadensis	Lundgren, E.J., Schowanek, S.D., Rowan, J., Middleton, O., Pedersen, R.Ø., Wallach, A.D., Ramp, D., Davis, M., Sandom, C.J. and Svenning, J.C., 2021. Functional traits of the world’s late Quaternary large-bodied avian and mammalian herbivores. Scientific data, 8(1), p.17.	3: Genus, Species = Master genus, subspecies	Verified - Accepted

Citation for this page: [The MammalBase community 2026. / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462864 Cervus elaphus canadensis: , Accessed 16th April 2026 at https://mammalbase.net/me/15698]