MammalBase - Accepted taxon: Odocoileus hemionus

Accepted taxon: Odocoileus hemionus
Taxon:	Odocoileus hemionus
Rank:	Species
Higher Classification:	ARTIODACTYLA \| Cervidae \| Capreolinae \| Odocoileus
Reference:	Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), JHU Press, 2005.

Fig.1 - Ternary plot of the proximate analysis for the Odocoileus hemionus diet.
CF (Crude Fibre) 23, ASH (Ash contents) 8, NFE (Nitrogen-Free-Extract) 53, CP (Crude Protein) 12, EE (Ether Extract) 4. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 1. List of Diet Items for Odocoileus hemionus.
TSN Complete name	Part	Ratio ^a.	Reference(s)
Poaceae	STEM	22.86	Damuth, J…
Magnoliopsida	LEAF	22.34	Damuth, J…
Magnoliopsida	STEM	20.00	Damuth, J…
Magnoliopsida	SHOOT	12.73	Damuth, J…
Pseudotsuga	STEM	3.07	Grzimek,B…
Fungi	SHOOT	2.60	Damuth, J…
Thuja plicata	STEM	2.02	Grzimek,B…
Rubus	FRUIT	1.90	Grzimek,B…
Ascomycota	SHOOT	1.55	Damuth, J…
Tsuga heterophylla	STEM	1.52	Grzimek,B…
Vaccinium	FRUIT	1.26	Grzimek,B…
Gaultheria shallon	STEM	1.20	Grzimek,B…
Rubus spectabilis	FRUIT	1.20	Grzimek,B…
Blechnum spicant	SHOOT	1.01	Grzimek,B…
Rubus parviflorus	FRUIT	1.00	Grzimek,B…
Rubus glaucus	FRUIT	0.90	Grzimek,B…
Pteridium aquilinum	SHOOT	0.90	Grzimek,B…
Cornus	FRUIT	0.76	Grzimek,B…
Salix	STEM	0.60	Grzimek,B…
Chamerion angustifolium ssp. angustifolium	SHOOT	0.30	Grzimek,B…
Equisetophyta	SHOOT	0.20	Grzimek,B…
Anaphalis	SHOOT	0.10	Grzimek,B…

^a. Standardized values. See details for the calculations in Lintulaakso, K., Tatti, N. and Žliobaitė, I., 2022. Quantifying mammalian diets. Mammalian Biology, pp.1-15. [DOI]

Table 2. List of Standard Traits for Odocoileus hemionus.
Trait	Selected Value	All Value(s)	Reference(s)
Dietary category: Eisenberg 1981	Herbivore-Browser	Herbivore-Browser	– A. Mysterud, 2000, 'The relationship between ecological segregation and sexual body size dimorphism in large herbivores', Oecologia, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 40-54, Loison,A., 1999, What factors shape sexual size dimorphism in ungulates?, Evolutionary Ecology Research, M. Mendoza, P. Palmqvist, 2008, 'Hypsodonty in ungulates: an adaptation for grass consumption or for foraging in open habitat?', Journal of Zoology, vol. 274, no. 2, pp. 134-142, Marcus Clauss, Matthias Lechner-Doll, Juergen Streich, 2002, 'Faecal particle size distribution in captive wild ruminants: an approach to the browser/grazer dichotomy from the other end', Oecologia, vol. 131, no. 3, pp. 343-349
Dietary category: Miljutin 2009	Herbivore	Herbivore	– A. Mysterud, 2000, 'The relationship between ecological segregation and sexual body size dimorphism in large herbivores', Oecologia, vol. 124, no. 1, pp. 40-54, Loison,A., 1999, What factors shape sexual size dimorphism in ungulates?, Evolutionary Ecology Research, M. Mendoza, P. Palmqvist, 2008, 'Hypsodonty in ungulates: an adaptation for grass consumption or for foraging in open habitat?', Journal of Zoology, vol. 274, no. 2, pp. 134-142, Marcus Clauss, Matthias Lechner-Doll, Juergen Streich, 2002, 'Faecal particle size distribution in captive wild ruminants: an approach to the browser/grazer dichotomy from the other end', Oecologia, vol. 131, no. 3, pp. 343-349

Table 3. List of Standard Measurements for Odocoileus hemionus.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	10	10	-	-	-	58,497.54	-	-	Engelman,…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	-	-	-	-	-	70,780	-	-	Wimberly,…
Body Mass (BM)	nan	g	10	10	-	-	-	58,497.54	-	-	Engelman,…

Table 4. List of other Measurements ^b. for Odocoileus hemionus.
Measurement	Location	Unit	n Total	n Unknown	n Female	n Male	Min	Mean	Max	SD	Reference(s)
Length of the Masseteric Fossa	nan	cm	7	7	-	-	-	12	-	-	Quibod, M…
Muzzle Width	nan	cm	7	7	-	-	-	4	-	-	Quibod, M…
Total Length of the Skull	nan	cm	7	7	-	-	-	27	-	-	Quibod, M…

^b. other Measurements. Source Measurements which are not listed on or mapped with the Standard Traits..

Table 5. List of Data Sources for Odocoileus hemionus.
Taxon	Reference	Match	Status
Odocoileus hemionus	Mysterud,Atle, 2000, The Relationship between Ecological Segregation and Sexual Body Size Dimorphism in Large Herbivores, Oecologia	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Loison,A., 1999, What factors shape sexual size dimorphism in ungulates?, Evolutionary Ecology Research	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Clauss,M., 2002, Faecal particle size distribution in captive wild ruminants: an approach to the browser/grazer dichotomy from the other end, Oecologia	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Mendoza,M., 2008, Hypsodonty in ungulates: an adaptation for grass consumption or for foraging in open habitat?, Journal of zoology	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Damuth, J. 2010. ABSOLUT 6 a mammalian database compiled by the national center for ecological analysis and synthesis (NCEAS ) workshop on mammalian communities.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Reid,F., 2006, Peterson field guide to mammals of North America,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Grzimek,B., 2003, Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia: Mammals I-V,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Nowak,R. M., 1991, Walker's mammals of the world,	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Quibod, M.N.R.M., Gélin, U., van Langevelde, F. and Tomlinson, K.W., 2023. Diet-specific responses of skull traits to aridity gradients in bovids and cervids. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, p.zlad068.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Engelman, R.K., 2022. Occipital condyle width (OCW) is a highly accurate predictor of body mass in therian mammals. BMC biology, 20(1), p.37.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Wimberly, A.N., 2023. Predicting body mass in Ruminantia using postcranial measurements. Journal of Morphology, 284(10), p.e21636.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted
Odocoileus hemionus	Lundgren, E.J., Schowanek, S.D., Rowan, J., Middleton, O., Pedersen, R.Ø., Wallach, A.D., Ramp, D., Davis, M., Sandom, C.J. and Svenning, J.C., 2021. Functional traits of the world’s late Quaternary large-bodied avian and mammalian herbivores. Scientific data, 8(1), p.17.	1: Exact Taxon match	Verified - Accepted

Citation for this page: [The MammalBase community 2026. / CC BY 4.0. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7462864 Odocoileus hemionus , Accessed 16th April 2026 at https://mammalbase.net/me/15613]